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22
Maintenance Section
Fuel Specifications
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Illustration 5
Cloud point of fuel mixtures
Generally, the most practical method that is used to prevent
problems that are caused by fuel cloud point at low temperatures
is the use of fuel heaters. In most applications, fuel heaters can
be used at a lower cost than fuel mixtures.
Pour Point
The fuel’s pour point is a temperature below the
fuel’s cloud point. Fuel stops flowing below the pour
point. The pour point is the temperature which limits
movement of the fuel with pumps.
To measure the pour point, the fuel temperature
is lowered below the cloud point in steps of 3
C
(5
F) at a time. The temperature is lowered until
the fuel does not flow. The pour point is the last
temperature that is shown before the flow stops.
At the pour point, the wax has solidified out of the
fuel. This makes the fuel more solid than liquid. The
pour point of the fuel can be improved. This does
not require the removal of important elements. This
process is the same process that is used to improve
the cloud point of a fuel.
A fuel’s pour point should be at least 6
C (10 F)
below the lowest ambient temperature that is
required for engine start-up and for engine
operation. To operate the engine in extremely cold
weather, No. 1 fuel or No. 1-D fuel may be necessary
because of these fuels’ lower pour points.
Modifying the Pour Point
You can lower the fuel’s pour point by using
additives. You can also lower the pour point by
mixing the fuel with a fuel that has a lower pour
point. See the topic “Cloud Point” for the procedure.
This procedure is not the best procedure to use.
The same table that was use for cloud point can
be used for an estimate of pour points. This is true
only if the fuels do not have additives which change
the pour point.
g00592741
Illustration 6
Cloud point of fuel mixtures
In order to calculate the amount of lighter fuel that
is required to be blended with the heavier fuel,
perform the following steps:
1. Obtain the specification for fuel cloud point of
both fuels from your fuel supplier.
2. Locate the cloud point of the heavier fuel on the
left side of the table. Mark the point on the table.
3. Locate the cloud point of the lighter fuel on the
right side of the table. Mark the point on the
table.
4. Draw a line between the two points that were
established. Label this line “A”.