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17
Maintenance Section
Fuel Specifications
Fuel Specifications
i01060086
General Fuel Information
SMCS Code: 1250; 1280
•
Purchase fuel from a reputable supplier.
•
Use fuel that meets the minimum Caterpillar
specifications for diesel fuel. The specifications
are included in the table Caterpillar Specifications
for Distillate Fuel. This table is included in the
recommendations for diesel fuel. These fuels
have a minimum lubricity level of 3100 g. This
result is obtained by conducting the Scuffing
Load Wear Test (SBOCLE). If a High Frequency
Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) is used for testing,
the maximum allowable wear scar is .45 mm
(0.018 inch) at 60
C (140 F). The maximum
allowable wear scar is .38 mm (0.0150 inch) at
25
C (77
F).
•
Keep the fuel storage tank clean of water, debris
and sediment.
•
Drain water and sediment from the fuel storage
tank weekly. Drain water and sediment before the
tank is refilled.
•
Keep the area around the fuel tank filler neck
clean of debris in order to prevent contamination
of the fuel tank.
•
As required, clean the inside of the engine’s fuel
tank.
•
Drain water and sediment from the engine’s fuel
tank daily. Drain the tank at the start of a shift.
After the fuel tank has been filled, allow the fuel
to settle for ten minutes. This will allow the water
and sediment to separate from the fuel. Then,
drain the water and sediment from the tank.
•
Install water separators.
•
Drain the water from the water separator daily.
•
For some applications, Caterpillar high efficiency
fuel filters are required in order to provide
maximum life to the fuel system.
•
Change fuel filters at the scheduled interval.
Never fill the new fuel filter with fuel before
installation. Use the fuel priming pump to remove
air from the system.
•
Install breather filters on the fuel tanks.
i01096371
Fuel Information for Diesel
Engines
SMCS Code: 1250; 1280
The two basic types of diesel fuel are No. 2 diesel
fuel and No. 1 diesel fuel. No. 2 diesel fuel is a
heavier diesel fuel than No. 1 diesel fuel. Heavier
fuels can cause problems with fuel filters, fuel
lines, fuel tanks, and fuel storage in cold weather.
Heavier diesel fuels such as No. 2 diesel fuel can
be used in diesel engines that operate in cold
temperatures with a minimum amount of pour point
depressant additive. For more information on fuels
which include blends of No. 1 and No. 2 diesel fuel,
consult your fuel supplier.
When you use No. 2 diesel fuel or other heavier
fuels, some of the fuel’s qualities may interfere
with successful cold weather operation. Additional
information about the characteristics of diesel fuel
is available. This information contains a discussion
on the modification to the characteristics of diesel
fuel. There are several possible methods that can
be used to compensate for the fuel qualities that
may interfere with cold weather operation. These
methods include the use of starting aids, engine
coolant heaters, fuel heaters, and de-icers.
Starting Aids
The use of a starting aid is a conventional method
of assistance for cold starts in low temperature
conditions. A variety of starting aids are available
for Caterpillar engines. Follow the recommendations
that are provided by the manufacturer of the starting
aid.
Engine Coolant Heaters
These heaters heat the engine coolant. The heated
coolant flows through the cylinder block. The flow
of heated coolant keeps the engine warm. A warm
engine is easier to start in cold weather. Most
coolant heaters use electrical power. A source of
electricity is necessary for this type of heater. Other
heaters that burn fuel are available as a source of
heat. These heaters may be used in place of the
electrical heaters.
With either type of heater, starting aids and/or fuels
with higher cetane numbers are less important
because the engine is warm. Problems with fuel
cloud point can cause the plugging of fuel filters.
Problems with fuel cloud point cannot be corrected
by engine coolant heaters. This is especially true
for fuel filters that are cooled by air flow during
operation.